Pamene ngozi za moto zikupitilira kuwopseza moyo ndi katundu padziko lonse lapansi, maboma padziko lonse lapansi akhazikitsa malamulo oti akhazikitse ma alarm a utsi m'nyumba zogona komanso zamalonda. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe mayiko osiyanasiyana akugwiritsira ntchito malamulo ochenjeza za utsi.
United States
Dziko la US linali limodzi mwa mayiko oyambirira kuzindikira kufunika koyika ma alarm a utsi. Malinga ndi National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), pafupifupi 70% ya imfa zokhudzana ndi moto zimachitika m'nyumba zopanda ma alarm omwe amagwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, boma lililonse lakhazikitsa malamulo olamula kukhazikitsa ma alarm a utsi m'nyumba zogona komanso zamalonda.
Nyumba Zogona
Mayiko ambiri aku US amafuna kuti ma alarm a utsi ayikidwe mnyumba zonse. Mwachitsanzo, California ikulamula kuti ma alarm a utsi amayenera kuyikidwa mchipinda chilichonse, malo okhala, ndi kolowera. Zipangizo zimayenera kutsatira miyezo ya UL (Underwriters Laboratories).
Nyumba Zamalonda
Malo ogulitsa ayeneranso kukhala ndi ma alarm amoto omwe amakwaniritsa miyezo ya NFPA 72, yomwe imaphatikizapo zigawo za alamu ya utsi.
United Kingdom
Boma la UK likugogomezera kwambiri chitetezo cha moto. Pansi pa malamulo omanga nyumba, nyumba zonse zomangidwa kumene komanso zamalonda ziyenera kukhala ndi ma alarm a utsi.
Nyumba Zogona
Nyumba zatsopano ku UK ziyenera kukhala ndi ma alarm a utsi omwe amaikidwa m'madera amtundu uliwonse. Zipangizo ziyenera kutsata Miyezo yaku Britain (BS).
Nyumba Zamalonda
Malo ogulitsa amafunika kukhazikitsa ma alarm amoto omwe amakwaniritsa miyezo ya BS 5839-6. Kusamalira ndi kuyesa machitidwewa nthawi zonse kumalamulidwa.
mgwirizano wamayiko aku Ulaya
Mayiko omwe ali m’bungwe la EU akhazikitsa malamulo okhwima a ma alarm a utsi mogwirizana ndi malangizo a EU, kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha moto m’nyumba zatsopano.
Nyumba Zogona
Nyumba zatsopano m'maiko onse a EU ziyenera kukhala ndi ma alarm a utsi omwe amaikidwa pansi paliponse m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Germany imafuna zida zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo ya EN 14604.
Nyumba Zamalonda
Nyumba zamalonda ziyeneranso kutsata EN 14604 ndipo zimawunikiridwa pafupipafupi ndikukonza kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwira ntchito.
Australia
Australia yakhazikitsa malamulo okhudzana ndi chitetezo cha moto pansi pa National Construction Code. Ndondomekozi zimafuna ma alarm a utsi m'nyumba zonse zatsopano komanso zamalonda.
Nyumba Zogona
Mulingo uliwonse wa nyumba zatsopano uyenera kukhala ndi ma alarm a utsi m'malo odziwika. Zipangizo ziyenera kutsatira mulingo wa Australian AS 3786:2014.
Nyumba Zamalonda
Zofunikira zofananira zimagwiranso ntchito ku nyumba zamalonda, kuphatikiza kukonza ndi kuyesa pafupipafupi kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikutsatira AS 3786:2014.
China
China yalimbitsanso ndondomeko zotetezera moto kudzera mu Lamulo la Chitetezo cha Moto ladziko lonse, lomwe limalamula kuti kuyika ma alarm a utsi m'nyumba zonse zatsopano zogona ndi malonda.
Nyumba Zogona
Malo okhalamo atsopano amafunikira kuti akhazikitse ma alarm a utsi m'malo opezeka anthu onse pansi, malinga ndi muyezo wadziko lonse wa GB 20517-2006.
Nyumba Zamalonda
Nyumba zamalonda ziyenera kukhazikitsa ma alarm a utsi omwe amagwirizana ndi GB 20517-2006 ndikuyesa kukonza ndi kuyesa magwiridwe antchito.
Mapeto
Padziko lonse lapansi, maboma akukhwimitsa malamulo okhudza kuyika ma alarm a utsi, kupititsa patsogolo luso lochenjeza komanso kuchepetsa zoopsa zokhudzana ndi moto. Pamene ukadaulo ukupita patsogolo komanso momwe zinthu zikuyendera, ma alarm a utsi afalikira komanso kukhala okhazikika. Kutsatira malamulowa sikumangokwaniritsa zofunikira zamalamulo komanso kumateteza miyoyo ndi katundu. Mabizinesi ndi anthu onse ayenera kudzipereka kukhazikitsa ndi kusamalira bwino kuti atsimikizire chitetezo chokwanira.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-13-2025