Pamene ngozi za moto zikupitirira kuopseza miyoyo ndi katundu padziko lonse lapansi, maboma padziko lonse lapansi akhazikitsa mfundo zofunika kuti pakhale ma alarm a utsi m'nyumba ndi m'mabizinesi. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe mayiko osiyanasiyana akugwiritsira ntchito malamulo okhudza ma alarm a utsi.

 

United States

Dziko la US linali limodzi mwa mayiko oyambirira kuzindikira kufunika kwa kukhazikitsa ma alarm a utsi. Malinga ndi bungwe la National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), pafupifupi 70% ya imfa zokhudzana ndi moto zimachitika m'nyumba zopanda ma alarm a utsi. Chifukwa chake, boma lililonse lakhazikitsa malamulo olamula kuyika ma alarm a utsi m'nyumba zogona komanso zamalonda.

 

Nyumba Zokhalamo

Mayiko ambiri aku US amafuna kuti ma alarm a utsi akhazikitsidwe m'nyumba zonse. Mwachitsanzo, California ilamula kuti ma alarm a utsi aikidwe m'zipinda zonse zogona, malo okhala, ndi m'khonde. Zipangizo ziyenera kutsatira miyezo ya UL (Underwriters Laboratories).

 

Nyumba Zamalonda

Malo amalonda ayeneranso kukhala ndi zida zochenjeza moto zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo ya NFPA 72, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zida zochenjeza za utsi.

 

United Kingdom

Boma la UK likugogomezera kwambiri chitetezo cha moto. Malinga ndi malamulo omanga nyumba, nyumba zonse zogona ndi zamalonda zomwe zangomangidwa kumene ziyenera kukhala ndi ma alarm a utsi.

 

Nyumba Zokhalamo

Nyumba zatsopano ku UK ziyenera kukhala ndi ma alarm a utsi omwe amaikidwa m'malo ogwirira ntchito pamodzi pa chipinda chilichonse. Zipangizo ziyenera kutsatira British Standards (BS).

 

Nyumba Zamalonda

Malo amalonda amafunika kukhazikitsa makina ochenjeza moto omwe akukwaniritsa miyezo ya BS 5839-6. Kusamalira ndi kuyesa makinawa nthawi zonse kumafunikanso.

 

mgwirizano wamayiko aku Ulaya

Mayiko omwe ali mamembala a EU akhazikitsa malamulo okhwima okhudza kuchenjeza za utsi mogwirizana ndi malangizo a EU, kuonetsetsa kuti pakhale chitetezo cha moto m'nyumba zatsopano.

 

Nyumba Zokhalamo

Nyumba zatsopano m'maiko a EU ziyenera kukhala ndi ma alarm a utsi omwe amayikidwa pansi iliyonse m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Germany imafuna zipangizo zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo ya EN 14604.

 

Nyumba Zamalonda

Nyumba zamalonda ziyeneranso kutsatira EN 14604 ndipo ziyenera kutsatiridwa nthawi zonse kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino.

 

Australia

Australia yakhazikitsa malamulo okhwima okhudza chitetezo cha moto motsatira malamulo ake a National Construction Code. Malamulowa amafuna kuti pakhale ma alarm a utsi m'nyumba zonse zatsopano komanso zamalonda.

 

Nyumba Zokhalamo

Nyumba zatsopano zilizonse ziyenera kukhala ndi ma alamu a utsi m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri. Zipangizo ziyenera kutsatira muyezo wa Australian Standard AS 3786:2014.

 

Nyumba Zamalonda

Zofunikira zofananazi zimagwiranso ntchito ku nyumba zamalonda, kuphatikizapo kukonza ndi kuyesa nthawi zonse kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikutsatira AS 3786:2014.

 

China

China yalimbitsanso malamulo oteteza moto kudzera mu lamulo la dziko lonse la chitetezo cha moto, lomwe limafuna kuti pakhale ma alarm a utsi m'nyumba zonse zatsopano komanso zamalonda.

 

Nyumba Zokhalamo

Nyumba zatsopano zogona zikufunika kuti muyike ma alarm a utsi m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri pa chipinda chilichonse, mogwirizana ndi muyezo wa dziko lonse wa GB 20517-2006.

 

Nyumba Zamalonda

Nyumba zamalonda ziyenera kukhazikitsa ma alarm a utsi omwe akutsatira GB 20517-2006 ndikuchita mayeso osamalira ndi magwiridwe antchito nthawi zonse.

 

Mapeto

Padziko lonse lapansi, maboma akukhwimitsa malamulo okhudza kukhazikitsa ma alamu a utsi, kukulitsa mphamvu zochenjeza msanga ndikuchepetsa zoopsa zokhudzana ndi moto. Pamene ukadaulo ukusintha ndipo miyezo ikupita patsogolo, makina ochenjeza utsi adzafalikira kwambiri komanso adzakhala ofanana. Kutsatira malamulowa sikuti kungokwaniritsa zofunikira zalamulo komanso kumateteza miyoyo ndi katundu. Makampani ndi anthu payekhapayekha ayenera kudzipereka kuyika ndi kusamalira bwino kuti atsimikizire chitetezo chokwanira.